This is extremely useful and interesting!
My very short experience of (microwave) lost wax casting does at least peartially address some of these concerns.
The mould is hot when we cast - it has just come out of the burn-out furnace, where it's been for two hours - and which has been glowing nicely internally. I'm afraid I don't know precisly what temperature it is when we pour, but there is certainly no evidence of chilling, and we've only had one item fail to come out with all its detail intact - and that was a rather optomistic piece by my wife! Conversly, she has tried casting a full bracelet it bronze (via the microwave) in Delft, which being cold, makes it noticably more difficult, and she took two stabs at that.
When it comes to the vacuum side, we were instructed to carve the 'skin' of the investment off the underside of the mould/flask to increase its porosity - certainly when we open the valve, it appears to take a gulp and the vacuum drops, before re-building after the pour (which it then maintains - as you say). At face value, it would appear to me that the investment 'surfaces' seal naturally, and when dry, one needs to carve through them. Indeed, the external dried surface is smooth and shiny - visibly different from the dressed body of the exposed investment.
However, it all appears to work reliably, and inparting a good level of detail.
If you were around the West London area, you'd be very welcome to come and have a play!