The school is not the main educator of any child — that role falls to the parents/guardians. Apart from anything else, just look at the amount of time in school compared with home. What happens in school can make a huge difference but it can’t replace the parental role.
Which works fine, providing there
are parents, or even, a conventional ''home,'' to go to?
I was part of a 'divided' family when I was a child, in the 1950's and 1960's. I had a mother...some of the time. I had a divorced father, who I cannot clearly even recall.
My mother didn't take advantage of the budding welfare state, or ''social''....She came from a very 'middle class' family [in the pre-WW2 sense]... and due to maternal pressure [one doesn't do that sort of thing, thing?] didn't take advantage of what local government could offer a ''single'' parent.
As a result, my upbringing from an early age either resulted from being 'dumped' on fairly unwilling, near-relatives [sometimes even 'close,' unwilling, relatives!] or in boarding school environments.
Some genuine, but not officially authorised, fostering was done as well...probably the best part of my pre-secondary school life...as it meant I went to a ''proper'' junior school, like all the other kids I came across!
Prior to that, I was a free pupil at a 'preparatory' school, where my mother was employed as an 'assistant matron!,' & had a 'room' as her residence. I was incarcerated within the boarding school proper.
The point being, at the Prep school [whose pupils went up to the age 14...''Common Entrance Exam' stage]...]...I received, and for the most part, enjoyed, a level of education normally found in State secondary schools. Latin was taught, as was French, German, etc...as well as maths, especially trigonometry, at which I excelled. History went up to WW1, but was a bit close to the button for WW2! Geography was, as I later found out, well up to O level standards. Progression was by end-of-term exams....Thus as a 9 year old, I could find myself in the same classes for some subjects, as 13 or 14 year olds.
I was never going to find myself in a 'public ' school [Repton, I think, was the usual recipient of pupils from this particular Prep school?]
Mother had mental health issues anyway, and throughout my childhood would disappear into a psychiatric hospital for treatment of some sort [probably involving electric shocks, which seemed to be the treatment of choice for mental health issues in those days?] on an irregular basis.
When I found myself fostered at age 9 [and a bit], I also changed school...to a proper, primary school as befitted my age.
There, I was totally lost!
The education [lessons] on a variety of subjects was alien to me....I struggled with the 'arithmetic'....as that had passed me by some 3 or 4 years previously. I was regressing badly, as I had to take educationally backward steps.
I was good at cricket, however.
As well as English of the literature sort....
I passed my 11+, and immediately got sent to a County Council grammar school with boarding facilities.
The point being, I suppose, that both the Prep school, and the Grammar boarding school, had strict, specified times set aside during the evening, for 'homework!'
Which meant, pupils [or, ''inmates?''] received not just the 9 to 4-15 [with a lunch break] , normal day education, but also another compulsory 3 hours sat in a classroom, doing what might be called, 'homework!' {Not forgetting, both schools also did Saturday mornings. ]
So, 5 1/2 days school attendance, then another 3 hours every night except Sundays, for 'homework!
Yup, at both types of school we got a mandatory 3 hours' worth of homework.
When I eventually got myself into a normal, everyday, grammar school [with girls, too]...homework amounted to around half an hour if we were unfortunate.
No Saturdays, either....Plus, school was 'out' by 4 o'clock!
When I drove buses, and did 'school bus runs,' I was amazed that the kids [no longer ''pupils,'' in my eyes

]..were leaving school from 3.30!
They were also not 'in class' much before 9.30 A.M.
My own kids were the same.
In many ways, spending less time at school, compared to kids in the 50's and 60's, was maybe, a good thing?
Or am I mistaken?