In a previous life I was a recording engineer and so:
Steve, you are correct, mid high frequencies are more directional so a speaker near the front end of a stem loco is ideal. If there is room for a larger lower frequency speaker elsewhere so much the better to add some oomph.
Steph, the 20Hz-20kHz potential hearing range is very dependent on age. At 8Khz most people lose about 30DB at age 60 compared to age 20, presumably more at higher frequencies. As it is a gradual decline we don't tend to notice it and at age 60 or older 20Khz maybe below the threshold of hearing.
Ken